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Data Centers and AI Infrastructure

Every generation carries distinct valuation characteristics.

None of them should be assessed the same way.

Most are.​

Hyperscale

Hyperscale, Cloud & Carrier

Valued in $/kW of critical IT load, not $/sqft. Power density, redundancy tier, and net lease structure drive the economics

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  • Hyperscale & Cloud Campus

  • Turnkey & Build-to-Suit

  • Powered Shell & Dark Shell

  • Colocation (Retail & Wholesale)

  • Carrier Hotels

  • Carrier-Neutral & Internet Exchange

  • Internet Gateways & Switching

  • Nuclear-Powered Facilities

Colocation

Owner-Occupied, Edge & Special Purpose

Functional obsolescence and highest & best use arguments are most consequential here. Often the facility's repositioning economics are upside down.

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  • Mission Critical (Tier III & IV)

  • Enterprise & Owner-Occupied

  • Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity

  • Modular & Containerized Facilities

  • Mission Critical Tech Office

  • Edge & Metro Facilities

  • Bitcoin & Crypto Mining

Valuation Expertise

GPU Clusters, Liquid Cooling & Legacy Conversion

The widest gap between assessment and market reality. Gen 5 facilities are routinely taxed on Gen 2 formulas. Gen 1 conversions often support value at or below land.

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  • AI & GPU Training Clusters

  • Liquid & Immersion-Cooled Facilities

  • High-Density Power Infrastructure

  • Next-Gen Energy-Sourced Facilities

  • Gen 1–2: Legacy & Converted

  • Gen 3: Modern Colocation (Tier III)

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Two Data Centers Northern NJ

39% Savings 2018-2024

Height of the Market

2026 Insights

Scale & Colocation
Texas March 2026​
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Case for Obscelesence

Project Stargate

Delays in mega-projects like Project Stargate in Abilene confirm the AI buildout has hit an infrastructure wall. When projects pivot due to power constraints and rapid platform shifts, a valuation vacuum opens almost overnight. In 2026, construction cost no longer equals market value.

Texas Sept 2026
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SB2888:

The Liquid Cooling Mandate​

As of September 2026, Texas now mandates liquid cooling standards for new data center tax certifications. Legacy air-cooled facilities are functionally obsolete by regulatory definition. We leverage this statutory shift to reduce taxable basis on affected assets.

VALUATION APPROACH

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The Methodology Error

Your assessor prices in dollars per square foot. The market prices in dollars per kilowatt of critical IT load. Each technology generation demands its own valuation framework. We correct this foundational gap at every level of the appeal.

 

Functional Obsolescence

Power-density limits, cooling constraints, grid interconnection delays, and technology generation shifts all create recoverable obsolescence. Gen 5 facilities are routinely taxed on Gen 3 formulas. We argue this correctly.

 

Highest and Best Use

For older facilities, we prove when improvements contribute zero value, resetting assessments to land value or below. If you cannot use the megawatts you built for, you should not be taxed on them.

 

Business Personal Property

Servers, cooling systems, UPS infrastructure, and GPU hardware are commonly misclassified or over-depreciated. We coordinate the BPP appeal with the real property appeal for a combined reduction neither produces independently.

 

Sales and Use Tax

Equipment exemptions, construction contract structures, and the treatment of MEP systems versus IT hardware vary significantly by state. We identify overpayments, support exemption applications, and coordinate audit defense.

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If you can’t use the MWs you built for, you shouldn’t be taxed on them.

OUR EXPERTISE

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Data Center Valuation

Since 1999

Specialists in data center tax strategy since 1999, through every technology and capital market cycle. Clients include hyperscale operators, colocation providers, enterprise users, carrier-neutral facilities, and edge operators across all Uptime Institute tiers.​​

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We Win at the Height of the Market

Between 2018 and 2024, Assembly delivered the only meaningful data center assessment reductions in Northern New Jersey, 39% reductions and $2.5M in annual savings, achieved at the height of the market by proving functional obsolescence before the downturn.. We proved technology obsolescence and conversion impossibilities early, resetting values and baselines when it counted.

 

​The Government sees

stock price plus acreage.

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We see power density that depreciates faster than drywall, grid queues &  obsolescence clocks​.

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We deliver the reality check.

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​Met Tower

142 West 57th Street, 11th Floor

New York, NY 10019   

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